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i-ii
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Surgical training in an era of reduced working hours
The traditional model of Surgical Training is the apprenticeship model, first popularised by William Halsted at John’s Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland towards the end of the 19th century. Under ...
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Oscar Traynor
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S1-S2
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International consensus statement on surgical education and training in an era of reduced working hours
Abstract: An international consensus statement has been developed as a reference on the key principles to be considered during discussions on surgical education and training and the delivery of surgic...
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John P. Collins
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S3-S5
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Impact of reduced working time on surgical training in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Abstract: The European Working Time Directive (EWTD) 48 h working week has been law in European countries since 1998. A phased approach to implementation was agreed for doctors in training, which stea...
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Richard Canter
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S6-S7
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The impact of reduced working hours on surgical training in Australia and New Zealand
Abstract: There is a worldwide trend for reduced working hours for doctors, particularly in the developed western countries. This has been led by the introduction of the European Working Time Directiv...
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Ian R. Gough
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S8-S9
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National curricula, certification and credentialing
Abstract: The education, certification, and credentialing of surgeons is undergoing change brought about by public expectations and by reform within the profession. In the United States, there is a cl...
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Richard H. Bell
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S10-S11
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Workplace-based assessment: The need for continued evaluation and refinement
Abstract: Workplace-Based Assessment (WBA) has been an integral part of the UK Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme (ISCP) since 2007 (www.iscp.ac.uk). The UK Postgraduate Medical Education a...
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Jonathan Beard
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S12-S13
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Use of the operative logbook to monitor trainee progress, and evaluate operative supervision provided by accredited training posts
Abstract: The Surgical Education and Training (SET) program of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) represents a change from a time-based program to a competency-based program and much gr...
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Spencer W. Beasley,
Craig McBride,
Mei Ling Pearson
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S14-S15
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Surgical simulation: What is available and what is needed
Abstract: The reduction in working hours has driven interest in surgical simulation as a means of supplementing traditional training models. Simulation offers the opportunity for the rehearsal of a wi...
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John A. Windsor
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S16-S18
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Credentialing of surgical skills centers
Abstract: Major imperatives regarding quality of patient care and patient safety are impacting surgical care and surgical education. Also, significant emphasis continues to be placed on education and ...
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Ajit K. Sachdeva
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S19-S20
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Perspectives on performance assessment in medical simulation
Abstract: The work upon which this paper is based was supported by an award to Massachusetts General Hospital – CIMIT from the US Department of Defense. The opinions expressed herein are the sole resp...
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Steven Dawson
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S21-S22
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Objective assessment of technical skill
Abstract: Objective assessment of technical skill is an important component of skills training: trainees require that deficiencies are clearly and objectively identified if a model of deliberate pract...
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Helen M. MacRae
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S23-S25
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The role of proximate feedback in skills training
Abstract: Skills training has been an increasingly important focus of surgical training and is ideally performed prior to reaching the operating room. Although our understanding of the role is increas...
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Stavan Parmar,
Conor P. Delaney
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S26-S27
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Role of industry in development of surgical simulation centres: A medical education perspective
Abstract: The concept of simulation in medicine is derived from the industry. The industry plays an important role in the development production and assimilation of this technology throughout the medi...
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Yaron Munz
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S28-S29
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Innovation in surgical education – A driver for change
Abstract: The delivery of healthcare is undergoing a major transition period across the globe. Drivers for change range from the introduction of new technologies such as primary angioplasty and roboti...
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Rajesh Aggarwal,
Ara Darzi
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S30-S31
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Team training for surgical trainees
Abstract: Healthcare professionals work in teams but are rarely trained together. Realizing the adverse impact of poor teamwork on patient care, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Educatio...
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Hilary Sanfey,
Christopher McDowell,
Andreas H. Meier,
Gary L. Dunnington
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S32-S34
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Teaching and assessing non-technical skills
Abstract: The terms human factors and non-technical skills have recently been introduced to the language of surgical education. Both tend to be used interchangeably and yet each has a specific definit...
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George G. Youngson
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S35-S37
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Developing a human factors and patient safety programme at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Abstract: Personal skills are now recognised to be important components of effective medical practice. These skills are explicit in the CANMED competencies from Canada, the recommendations of the ACGM...
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Eva Doherty,
Dara O’Keeffe,
Oscar Traynor
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S38-S39
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Development and assessment of personal skills and aptitudes
Abstract: Professionalism is an inherent attribute to the practice of surgery. Historically, the importance of this quality arose later than the earliest three fundamental principles of medical knowle...
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Erik G. Van Eaton,
Carlos A. Pellegrini
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S40-S42
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Evaluation matters: Lessons learned on the evaluation of surgical teaching
Abstract: The traditional system of academic promotion and tenure can make it difficult to reward those who excel at surgical teaching. A successful faculty evaluation process can provide the objectiv...
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Nicole N. Woods
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S43-S44
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Characteristics of a surgical trainer 2010–2020
Abstract: The type of individual most commonly employed as a surgical trainer is a Clinical Instructor, usually in the junior stages of a faculty position, who has voiced an interest in education and ...
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Sara Kim,
Brian K. Ross,
Carlos Pellegrini
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S45-S47
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Role models in surgery
Abstract: Our present training models date back almost 100 years. It is very apparent that trying to reshape an ageing system to meet the demands of today's patients and their physicians is just not g...
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Gerald B. Healy
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S48-S49
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